Entrepreneuriat digital au Maroc : revue systématique de la littérature sur les profils, motivations et contraintes des entrepreneurs numériques

Résumé

The rapid global expansion of digital entrepreneurship raises fundamental questions about who these entrepreneurs are, what motivates them, and what barriers they face. In Morocco, where the digital sector is increasingly recognized as a driver of economic development, academic research on this topic remains scattered and poorly synthesized. This article presents a systematic literature review examining the profiles, motivations, and constraints of digital entrepreneurs in Morocco. Following the PRISMA protocol, 166 publications indexed in Scopus between 2015 and 2025 were selected and analyzed through a bibliometric approach (VOSviewer) complemented by qualitative thematic analysis. Findings show that Moroccan digital entrepreneurs are predominantly young (under 35), hold a Master's-level degree, and are driven by a desire for autonomy and innovation. However, they face persistent structural barriers: limited access to funding, a regulatory environment still inadequate for digital business models, a shortage of advanced digital skills, and an underdeveloped support ecosystem. These findings call for a rethinking of institutional support for digital entrepreneurs and for deeper empirical research in this underexplored context.