Toward Responsible AI-Powered Automation in E-Learning : Ethical, Organizational, and Governance Challenges

Résumé

Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered automation is increasingly embedded in e-learning systems, enabling personalized learning paths, real-time assessment, and data-driven decision-making at scale.

While these technologies promise to bring efficiency and adaptability to the educational system, their integration also raises critical ethical, organizational, and governance challenges that are insufficiently addressed by current research.

Current literature largely focuses on the technical performance and pedagogical outcomes of AI applications, often neglecting their systemic implications for educational institutions, professional roles, and institutional values.

This article adopts a critical and organizational perspective to examine the challenges associated with AI-powered automation in e-learning environments.

Drawing on the theoretical framework of intelligent organizations, it conceptualizes AI not merely as a technological tool but as a structural force reshaping decision-making processes, institutional learning, and human–machine relationships.

The analysis highlights four interconnected challenges: algorithmic bias and fairness, data privacy and surveillance, the redefinition of educators’ roles, and organizational and cultural resistance to automation.

Building on this analysis, the article proposes a conceptual framework for the responsible integration of AI in e-learning, grounded in principles of ethical governance, transparency, human-in-the-loop design, and organizational intelligence.

By emphasizing complementarity between human actors and intelligent systems, this framework aims to support educational institutions in leveraging AI innovation while preserving equity, trust, and the human-centered values of education.